The initial phase of a freeze drying process,
freezing, determines the ice crystal morphology within the product. This, in
turn, impacts the product`s performance in the subsequent drying phases.
Due to the random nature of the freezing process, the
start of freezing, i.e. ice nucleation, cannot be controlled in a “standard” freeze
drying cycle using “standard” equipment. This causes heterogeneity within
batches and between scales which can be considered as one of the major scale-up
issues.
Over the last years, significant technological
progress has been made to control freezing. This webinar aims to provide an
update on the current scientific state, covering both the basic principles of
freezing in a freeze drying cycle as well as the recent developments with
regard to control of the freezing stage.